PatniTala on the north, Manda and Naogaon Sadar upazilas on the south, Badalgachhi and Naogaon Sadar upazilas on the east and Niamatpur and Porsha upazilas on the west.

Mahadevpur thana, now an upazila, was established in 1898. It consists of 10 union parishads, 300 villages and 307 mouzas.

Mahadevpur Upazila is located in Naogaon District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Naogaon are Atrai Upazila, Badalgachhi Upazila, Dhamoirhat Upazila, Mahadevpur Upazila, Manda Upazila, Naogaon Sadar Upazila, Niamatpur Upazila, Patnitala Upazila, Porsha Upazila, Raninagar Upazila, Sapahar Upazila.